美国食品药品局细菌分析手册（BAM）第 3 章：有氧平板计数（2025 年 5 月版）BAM Chapter 3: Aerobic Plate Count

The aerobic plate count (APC) is intended to indicate the level of microorganism in a product. See references (6), (5), (10), (13), (3), (14), and (11) for detailed descriptions and explanations. Detailed procedures for determining the APC of foods using pour plate method have been described by the American Public Health Association (APHA) (1, 2), the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) (3), the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) (14) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) (11). Colony counting range (per plate) using pour plate method is 30-300 by USDA (14) and AOAC (3); 25-250 by APHA (1) and APHA (2) and 15-300 by ISO (11). In most scientific publications, scientists presented as low as 0 colony count per plate. Considering ISO is internationally accepted in regulatory affairs and most publications do present results with low colony numbers per plate, in this protocol, the suitable colony counting range is 15-300 per plate. The automated spiral plate count method outlined below conforms to the AOAC Official Methods of Analysis, sec. 977.27 (4).

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