美国食品药品局细菌分析手册（BAM）第26章：食品中肠道病毒的浓缩、提取和检测（2022年7月版）BAM Chapter 26 Concentration, Extraction and Detection of Enteric Viruses from Food

Virus associated outbreaks due to the consumption of contaminated food occur annually in the US and nearly all of these outbreaks are due to human norovirus and/or hepatitis A virus (HAV) (1). Detection of viruses in implicated foods is challenging because of the low level of viral contamination, inefficient extraction from food matrices, and the inability to enrich viruses-an aspect beneficial to most bacterial methodologies. These factors necessitate that isolated virus particles be sufficiently concentrated in order to detect their presence in foods. Such limitations can hinder surveillance and outbreak investigations. Inherently, advances in molecular detection techniques such as reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and real-time RT-q(quantitative)PCR (2, 3) have been shown to offer specificity and sensitivity for foodborne pathogen detection.

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